Difference between revisions of "Semi-trailer truck pre-trip inspection"

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(Brake chamber)
(Air-handling items)
 
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===Version B===
 
===Version B===
 
:#[[#Driver's door/fuel area|Driver's door/fuel area]]
 
:#[[#Driver's door/fuel area|Driver's door/fuel area]]
:#[[#Behind the cab|Behind the cab]]
+
:#[[#Behind the cab and tractor|Behind the cab and tractor]]
 
:#Of one side of any tractor tandem axles:
 
:#Of one side of any tractor tandem axles:
 
:#*[[#Suspension components|Suspension components]]
 
:#*[[#Suspension components|Suspension components]]
Line 62: Line 62:
 
==Front of tractor==
 
==Front of tractor==
 
===Front lights===
 
===Front lights===
:The headlights, turn signals, and clearance lights:
+
:The headlights, turn signals, and clearance lights meet the:
 
:#[[#General|Meet general requirements]].
 
:#[[#General|Meet general requirements]].
:#Are clean.
+
:#[[#Visibility items|Requirements for visibility items]].
:#Are the proper color.
 
  
 
===Front leaks===
 
===Front leaks===
Line 74: Line 73:
  
 
===DPF===
 
===DPF===
:Mounting brackets, hoses, and electrical components of the diesel particulate filter (DPF) meet:
+
:Mounting brackets, hoses, and electrical components of the diesel particulate filter (DPF) must meet:
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
 
:#[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
Line 85: Line 84:
  
 
===Water pump===
 
===Water pump===
:The tested person is supposed to identify whether the pump is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven pump must meet the [[#Engine compartment belts|Requirements for engine compartment belts]]. Boldly, any water pump must meet:
+
:Identify whether the pump is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven pump must meet the [[#Engine compartment belts|Requirements for engine compartment belts]]. Boldly, any water pump must meet:
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
 
:#[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
Line 93: Line 92:
  
 
===Alternator===
 
===Alternator===
:The tested person is supposed to identify whether the alternator is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven alternator must meet the [[#Engine compartment belts|Requirements for engine compartment belts]]. Boldly, any alternator must meet:
+
:Identify whether the alternator is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven alternator must meet the [[#Engine compartment belts|Requirements for engine compartment belts]].
 +
:Check whether the alternator meets:
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#Electrical items|Requirements for electrical items]].
 
:#[[#Electrical items|Requirements for electrical items]].
  
 
===Air compressor===
 
===Air compressor===
:The tested person is supposed to identify whether the air compressor is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven air compressor must meet the [[#Engine compartment belts|Requirements for engine compartment belts]]. Boldly, any air compressor must meet:
+
:Identify whether the air compressor is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven air compressor must meet the [[#Engine compartment belts|Requirements for engine compartment belts]].
 +
:Check whether the air compressor must meet:
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#Air-handling items|Requirements for air-handling items]].
 
:#[[#Air-handling items|Requirements for air-handling items]].
Line 104: Line 105:
 
==Steering components==
 
==Steering components==
 
===Power steering pump===
 
===Power steering pump===
:The tested person is supposed to identify whether the pump is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven pump must meet the [[#Engine compartment belts|Requirements for engine compartment belts]]. Boldly, any power steering pump must meet:
+
:Identify whether the pump is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven pump must meet the [[#Engine compartment belts|Requirements for engine compartment belts]].
 +
:Check whether the power steering pump must meet:
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
 
:#[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
  
 
===Power steering fluid reservoir===
 
===Power steering fluid reservoir===
:The tested person must check that the fluid is at the proper level from the side glass or while pulling the dipstick. Level must be above refill mark.
+
:#Check that the fluid is at the proper level from the side glass or while pulling the dipstick. Level must be above refill mark.
  
 
===Steering gear box===
 
===Steering gear box===
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
 
:#Identify the steering gear box and the power steering hoses.
 
:#Identify the steering gear box and the power steering hoses.
 
:#Check whether the box and the hoses meet the:
 
:#Check whether the box and the hoses meet the:
Line 119: Line 120:
  
 
===Steering linkage===
 
===Steering linkage===
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
 
:#Identify connecting links, arms, rods, joints, and sockets.
 
:#Identify connecting links, arms, rods, joints, and sockets.
 
:#Check whether components of the steering linkage meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#Check whether components of the steering linkage meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
==Suspension components==
 
==Suspension components==
 +
===Torque arm/torsion bar===
 +
:#Identify a torque arm or torsion bar on a non-steering axle. Steering axles are rarely equipped with those.
 +
:#Check whether the arm or bar meets the [[#General|General requirements]].
 +
 
===Spring mounts===
 
===Spring mounts===
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
 
:#Identify both spring mounts and their bushings, nuts, and/or bolts.
 
:#Identify both spring mounts and their bushings, nuts, and/or bolts.
 
:#Check whether the front and rear mounts, as well as their components meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#Check whether the front and rear mounts, as well as their components meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Spring leaves===
 
===Spring leaves===
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
 
:#Identify spring leaves.
 
:#Identify spring leaves.
 
:#Check whether the leaves:
 
:#Check whether the leaves:
Line 137: Line 139:
  
 
===U-bolts===
 
===U-bolts===
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
 
:#Identify U-bolts and their related nuts.
 
:#Identify U-bolts and their related nuts.
 
:#Check whether the bolts and nuts meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#Check whether the bolts and nuts meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Shock absorbers===
 
===Shock absorbers===
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
 
:#Identify shock absorber.
 
:#Identify shock absorber.
 
:#Check whether the absorber meets the:
 
:#Check whether the absorber meets the:
Line 149: Line 149:
  
 
===Air bags===
 
===Air bags===
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
 
:#Identify air bags and those hoses, air bag mounting brackets and bolts that are related to them.
 
:#Identify air bags and those hoses, air bag mounting brackets and bolts that are related to them.
 
:#Check whether the air bags:
 
:#Check whether the air bags:
Line 157: Line 156:
 
==Brake components==
 
==Brake components==
 
===Air hoses===
 
===Air hoses===
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
 
:#Identify air hoses that supply brake chambers and their related couplings.
 
:#Identify air hoses that supply brake chambers and their related couplings.
 
:#Check whether the hoses meet the:
 
:#Check whether the hoses meet the:
Line 164: Line 162:
  
 
===Brake chamber===
 
===Brake chamber===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify brake chambers and those clamps that are related to them.
:#Identify brake chambers and those clams that are related to them.
+
:#Check whether the chambers and clamps meet the:
:#Check whether the chambers and clams meet the:
 
 
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#*[[#Air-handling items|Requirements for air-handling items]].
 
:#*[[#Air-handling items|Requirements for air-handling items]].
  
 
===Slack adjuster/push rod===
 
===Slack adjuster/push rod===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify slack adjusters and push rods.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the adjusters and rods meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#State that manual slack adjusters should not move more than approximately one inch when pulled by hand if brakes are released.
  
 
===Brake drum===
 
===Brake drum===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the brake drums if they are visible or state that they are hidden behind the shield.
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#If they are visible, check whether the brake drums:
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Have no signs of grease, oil, or debris.
 +
:#*Meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Brake linings===
 
===Brake linings===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify both brake linings (also called "shoes") if they are visible or state that they are hidden behind the shield.
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#If they are visible, check whether the brake linings:
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Are not worn dangerously thin.
 +
:#*Have no signs of grease, oil, or debris.
 +
:#*Meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
==Tires==
 
==Tires==
 
===Tire surfaces===
 
===Tire surfaces===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:The tested person is supposed to check whether the tires:
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#Have no abrasions, bulges, or cuts on sidewall and tread areas.
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#Are evenly worn.
 +
:#Meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Tread depth===
 
===Tread depth===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:The tested person is supposed to check whether the tread depth is at least:
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#4/32 of an inch on every steering axle tire.
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#2/32 of an inch on every non-steering axle tire.
  
 
===Air pressure===
 
===Air pressure===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Know that the tires must be inflated to 100 psi.
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#Check the pressure with an air pressure gauge at the valve stem.
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
===Valve stem/cap===
 
===Valve stem/cap===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify one valve stem and its cap on a single tire or both stems and caps on dual tires.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the stems and caps meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
==Wheels==
 
==Wheels==
 
===Rims===
 
===Rims===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the rims. For dual tires, the rims can be either Budd-spaced or Dayton/split. Daytona/split tires have a spacer between two rims, while Budd-spaced rims don't.
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#Check whether:
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*The rims: have no welds.
 +
:#*For dual tires, there is no debris between the tires.
 +
:#*The rims and, for Dayton/split tires, spacers meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
===Budd spacing===
+
===Lug nuts and holes===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:The tested person is supposed to check whether the
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#Lug nuts:
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Show no signs of rust trails or shiny metal that would indicate looseness.  
 +
:#*Meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 +
:#Bolt holes are not visibly cracked or distorted.
  
===Lug nuts===
+
===Hub/axle seal===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the hub seal on the steering axle or axle seal on non-steering axles, as well as those bolts and, if equipped, dipsticks, that are related to them.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the seals and bolts meet the:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
 
 
===Hub seal===
 
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
:#Identify  and their related .
 
:#Check whether the meets the:
 
 
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#*[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
 
:#*[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
 +
:If the seal is equipped with a dipstick, another check can be performed to see whether the fluid is filled to proper level.
  
==Driver's door/fuel area==
+
==Side of tractor==
 
===Mirror brackets===
 
===Mirror brackets===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:Check whether the external mirrors and their brackets meet the:
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#[[#Visibility items|Requirements for visibility items]].
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
 +
 
 +
===Tractor side lights===
 +
:If the inspected tractor is equipped with side lights, check whether the lights meet the:
 +
:#[[#Visibility items|Requirements for visibility items]].
 +
:#[[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Cab doors===
 
===Cab doors===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:Check whether the:
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#Doors open and close properly.
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#Door windows meet the [[#Visibility items|Requirements for visibility items]].
 +
:#Door hinges are secure.
 +
:#Door seals are intact.
 +
:#Doors, windows, hinges, and seals meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===DEF tank===
 
===DEF tank===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) tank and its cap.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the tank and cap meet the:
:#Check whether the meets the:
 
 
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#*[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
 
:#*[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
  
 
===Fuel tank===
 
===Fuel tank===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the fuel tank, its straps and cap.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the tank and cap meet the:
:#Check whether the meets the:
 
 
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 
:#*[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
 
:#*[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
Line 256: Line 260:
 
==Behind the cab and tractor==
 
==Behind the cab and tractor==
 
===Catwalk and steps===
 
===Catwalk and steps===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the catwalk and steps.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the catwalk and steps:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Are solid and clear of loose objects.
 +
:#*Meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Exhaust system===
 
===Exhaust system===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the exhaust and, if equipped, its clamps.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the exhaust and, if equipped, clamps, meet the:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 +
:#*[[#Air-handling items|Requirements for air-handling items]].
  
 
===Drive shaft===
 
===Drive shaft===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the drive shaft and those U-joints that are related to that.
:#Identify and their related .
+
:#Check whether the drive shaft and U-joints:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Appear to be secure and free of foreign objects.
 +
:#*Meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Frame===
 
===Frame===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the tractor frame.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the frame meets the [[#General|General requirements]].
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
===Rear tractor lights/reflectors===
+
===Rear tractor visibility===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the tail lights, brake lights, turn signals, reverse lights, and reflectors.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether they:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Are the proper color, white for the brake lights and red for the other lights.
 +
:#*Meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
==Coupling system==
 
==Coupling system==
  
 
===Electrical line coupling===
 
===Electrical line coupling===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the electrical line coupling.
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the lines:
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Are securely attached at both tractor and trailer receptacles.
 +
:#*Are not dragging on catwalk or frame.
 +
:#*Meet the:
 +
:#*#[[#General|General requirements]].
 +
:#*#[[#Electrical items|Requirements for electrical items]].
  
 
===Air line coupling===
 
===Air line coupling===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify both air line couplings, including their hoses, glad hands, and glad hand seals.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the:
:#Check whether the   meet the:
+
:#*Air hoses are connected at each end and not dragging on the catwalk or frame.
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Glad hands are locked in place.
:#*[[#Air-handling items|Requirements for air-handling items]].
+
:#*Air hoses, glad hands, and glad hand seals meet the:
 +
:#*#[[#General|General requirements]].
 +
:#*#[[#Air-handling items|Requirements for air-handling items]].
  
 
===Trailer apron===
 
===Trailer apron===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the apron.
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the apron:
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Sits well on the fifth wheel skid plate. There should be no gap or daylight between the plate and apron.
 +
:#*Meets the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Kingpin and jaws===
 
===Kingpin and jaws===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the kingpin and locking jaws.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the locking jaws:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Are latched securely around the kingpin.
 +
:#*And the kingpin meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 +
 
 +
===Release arm===
 +
:#Identify the release arm and, if equipped, its safety latch.
 +
:#Check whether the:
 +
:#*Release arm is all the way in.
 +
:#*If equipped, the safety latch is in place and locked.
 +
:#*Release arm and, if equipped, safety latch meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Fifth wheel skid plate===
 
===Fifth wheel skid plate===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the fifth wheel skid plate.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the plate:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Is properly lubricated.
 +
:#*Meets the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Fifth wheel platform===
 
===Fifth wheel platform===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the fifth wheel platform and those nuts, mounting bolts, and pins that are related to it.
:#Identify and their related .
+
:#Check whether the platform:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Is securely mounted to the frame.
 +
:#*And the nuts, bolts, and pins meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
===Sliding locking system===
+
===Slide mechanism===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the fifth wheel sliding locking pins and locking pin air release cyllinder.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the:
:#Check whether the meets the:
+
:#*Mechanism is positioned to allow clearance between the landing gear and the rear frame area of the tractor during the turn.
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Locking pins are fully engaged into the slide.
:#*[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
+
:#*Air release cylinder meets the [[#Air-handling items|Requirements for air-handling items]].
 +
:#*Pins and cylinder meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
==Trailer front and sides==
 
==Trailer front and sides==
 
===Trailer header board===
 
===Trailer header board===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#If equipped, check whether the trailer header board:
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#*Is not bulged.
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Meets the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
===DOT reflective tape===
+
===Trailer front visibility===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the trailer front marker lights, reflectors, and DOT reflective tape.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the lights, reflectors, and DOT reflective tape meet the:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*[[#Visibility items|Requirements for visibility items]].
 +
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Landing gear===
 
===Landing gear===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the landing gear, gear support frame, landing pad, and crank handle.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Landing gear is fully raised.
 +
:#*Gear support frame and landing pad are free of debris.
 +
:#*Crank handle is secured.
 +
:#*Landing gear, gear support frame, landing pad, and crank handle meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
===Trailer side lights===
+
===Trailer side turn signal===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the trailer side turn signal.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the lights meet the:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*[[#Visibility items|Requirements for visibility items]].
 +
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
  
===Frame and tandem release===
+
===Tandem frame and release===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the tandem frame and components of the tandem release mechanism, which are the locking pins and release arm.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the:
:#Check whether the  meets the:
+
:#*Locking pins are locked in place.
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Release arm is secured.
:#*[[#Fluid-containing items|Requirements for fluid-containing items]].
+
:#*Tandem frame, locking pins, and release arm meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Splash guards===
 
===Splash guards===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the splash guards meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
:#Identify  and their related  .
 
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
===Door tie back hook===
 
===Door tie back hook===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify a door tie back hook on side of the trailer.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the hook meets the [[#General|General requirements]].
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
==Trailer rear==
 
==Trailer rear==
===Trailer rear lights===
+
===Trailer rear visibility===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the tail lights, brake lights, turn signal lights, clearance lights, tag lights, reflectors, and DOT reflective tape.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the lights, reflectors, and tape meet the:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*[[#Visibility items|Requirements for visibility items]].
 +
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Trailer doors===
 
===Trailer doors===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the trailer doors and those hinges that attach the doors to the trailer body.
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the:
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Doors open/close and latch properly.
 +
:#*Doors and hinges meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Door tie back chain===
 
===Door tie back chain===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the door tie back chain.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the chain meets the [[#General|General requirements]].
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
 
 +
==Light operating checks==
 +
Two people are needed to perform light operating tests fully. The ignition key must be in the "on" or "accessory" position.
 +
 
 +
===Back lights check===
 +
:Turn on running lights, then left turn, right turn, four-way flashers, brake lights, and then place truck into reverse for reverse lights.
 +
 
 +
===Front lights check===
 +
:Turn on the marker lights and head lights. Test high beam and low beam lights. Test the left and right turn signals. Test the four-way flashers.
  
 
==Inside the cab==
 
==Inside the cab==
 
===Emergency equipment===
 
===Emergency equipment===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Identify the A/B rated fire extinguisher, three reflective triangles, and spare electrical fuses.
:#Identify and their related  .
+
:#Check whether the extinguisher:
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Is properly charged.
 +
:#*Meets the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Safety belt===
 
===Safety belt===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the safety belt:
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#*Is not ripped or frayed.
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Adjusts properly.
 +
:#*Latches securely.
 +
:#*Meets the [[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Safe start engine===
 
===Safe start engine===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Depress clutch before attempting to start the vehicle.
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#Place gearshift lever in neutral (or park, for automatic transmissions).
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#Start the vehicle and keep clutch depressed until engine reaches idling speed.
 +
:#Then release clutch slowly.
 +
 
 +
===ABS light===
 +
:#Check whether the ABS light came on and went off.
 +
:#Provide the tester with a result of that check.
 +
 
 +
===Horns===
 +
:#Operate the:
 +
:#*Highway or air horn.
 +
:#*City or electrical horn.
  
 
===Mirrors===
 
===Mirrors===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the mirrors:
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#*Are adjusted to the driver.
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Meet the:
 +
:#*#[[#Visibility items|Requirements for visibility items]].
 +
:#*#[[#General|General requirements]].
  
 
===Windshield===
 
===Windshield===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the windshield meets the:
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#*[[#Visibility items|Requirements for visibility items]].
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*[[#General|General requirements]].
 
 
===Windshield wipers===
 
:The tested person is supposed to:
 
:#Identify  and their related  .
 
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
===Horns===
+
===Wipers and washers===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the windshield:
:#Identify  and their related  .
+
:#*Wiper arms meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
+
:#*Wiper blades are not dry-rotted and press flat against the windshield.
 +
:#*Washers have fluid and operate properly.
  
 
===Oil pressure gauge===
 
===Oil pressure gauge===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the oil pressure gauge raises to normal operating range within seconds.
:#Identify  and their related  .
 
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
===Ammeter/voltmeter===
 
===Ammeter/voltmeter===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the ammeter/voltmeter indicates that the alternator is charging and no warning light is on.
:#Identify  and their related  .
 
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
===Temperature gauge===
 
===Temperature gauge===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the temperature gauge is climbing to normal operating range.
:#Identify  and their related  .
 
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
===Air pressure gauge===
+
===Air pressure gauges===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the primary (tractor) and secondary (trailer) air pressure gauges are building air to reach governor cut off at 120 to 140 psi.
:#Identify  and their related  .
 
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
===DEF level indicator===
 
===DEF level indicator===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Check whether the DEF level is 1/8 of a tank or more.
:#Identify  and their related  .
 
:#Check whether the   meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
===Light indicators===
 
===Light indicators===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Operate the high beam indicator, left and right turn signal indicators, and four-way flasher indicators are working properly.
:#Identify  and their related  .
 
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
===Cab and windshield fans===
 
===Cab and windshield fans===
:The tested person is supposed to:
+
:#Operate the heater (cab) and defroster (windshield) fans.
:#Identify  and their related  .
 
:#Check whether the  meet the [[#General|General requirements]].
 
  
 
===Brake check series===
 
===Brake check series===
Line 473: Line 507:
  
 
===Air-handling items===
 
===Air-handling items===
:*Any inspected item that handles air must be not loose or leaking.
+
:*Any inspected item that handles air must be not loose and without audible leaks.
 
:*Its hoses must be:
 
:*Its hoses must be:
 
:*#Mounted securely at both couplings.
 
:*#Mounted securely at both couplings.
Line 480: Line 514:
  
 
===Electrical items===
 
===Electrical items===
 +
:*Any inspected item that provides the tractor and/or trailer with electricity must be not burnt or frayed.
 +
:*Its wires must be free from cuts and/or other damage.
  
 
===Engine compartment belts===
 
===Engine compartment belts===
 
:Engine compartment belts may include power steering belt, water pump belt, alternator belt, and/or air compressor belt. During the inspection, they must:
 
:Engine compartment belts may include power steering belt, water pump belt, alternator belt, and/or air compressor belt. During the inspection, they must:
:#Be checked for snugness (1/2 to 3/4 inch play at center of belt), cracks, frays, loose fibers or signs of wear.
+
:#Be checked for snugness (1/2 to 3/4 inch play at center of belt).
 +
:#Be free of cracks, frays, loose fibers or signs of wear.
 
:#Not be damaged or missing, be mounted securely and operating properly.
 
:#Not be damaged or missing, be mounted securely and operating properly.
  
Line 491: Line 528:
  
 
===General===
 
===General===
:Any inspected item and its component or part must be:
+
:Any inspected item and its component or part must be operational and secure, as well as:
 
:*If the item should:
 
:*If the item should:
 
:*#Not be movable, then, securely mounted and have no missing nuts, bolts, or bushings.
 
:*#Not be movable, then, securely mounted and have no missing nuts, bolts, or bushings.
:*#Be movable, then, fastened or not loose.
+
:*#Be movable, then, fastened, tight, or not loose.
:*Not broken, cracked, damaged, or missing.
+
:*Not bent, broken, cracked, damaged, dent, or missing.
 +
 
 +
===Visibility items===
 +
:Visibility items include windshield, windows, mirrors, lights, signals, reflectors, and reflective tape. Any inspected item that is related to the truck visibility must be:
 +
:#Proper color:
 +
:#*Red for rear lights, signals, and reflectors.
 +
:#*White for reverse and tag lights.
 +
:#*Amber for side lights and reflectors, as well as front marker lights.
 +
:#*Red and white for DOT reflective tape.
 +
:#Free of cracks, obstructions, or non-legally-required stickers.
 +
:#Clean or, at least, free of excessive dirt.

Latest revision as of 01:38, 30 July 2021

Any semi-trailer truck pre-trip inspection should be based on the CDL Vehicle Inspection Test‎‎.


Contents

Versions

According to the 11.6.1 section of the CDL Vehicle Inspection Test‎‎, the tested applicant is "required to perform one of the four versions of a Vehicle inspection in the vehicle." All versions include:

  1. an engine start,
  2. an in-cab inspection,
  3. an inspection of the coupling system,
  4. an inspection of the entire vehicle or only a portion of the vehicle.

Version A

  1. Front of truck
  2. Engine compartment
  3. Steering components
  4. Of one side of the steering axle:
  5. Coupling system
  6. Inside the cab, including Air brake check, Parking brake check, Service brake check

Version B

  1. Driver's door/fuel area
  2. Behind the cab and tractor
  3. Of one side of any tractor tandem axles:
  4. Coupling system
  5. Inside the cab, including Air brake check, Parking brake check, Service brake check

Version C

  1. Coupling system
  2. Trailer front and sides
  3. Of one side of any trailer tandem axles:
  4. Trailer rear
  5. Inside the cab, including Air brake check, Parking brake check, Service brake check

Full version

An inspection of the entire vehicle may consist of:
  1. Front of truck
  2. Engine compartment
  3. Steering components
  4. Of one side of any axle:
  5. Driver's door/fuel area
  6. Behind the cab
  7. Coupling system
  8. Trailer front and sides
  9. Trailer rear
  10. Inside the cab, including Air brake check, Parking brake check, Service brake check

Front of tractor

Front lights

The headlights, turn signals, and clearance lights meet the:
  1. Meet general requirements.
  2. Requirements for visibility items.

Front leaks

No leaks or puddles from dripping fluids under the engine or transmission.

Engine compartment

The Steering components belong to the engine compartment, but moved to a separate section of this description.

DPF

Mounting brackets, hoses, and electrical components of the diesel particulate filter (DPF) must meet:
  1. General requirements.
  2. Requirements for fluid-containing items.

Engine hoses

Engine hoses must meet the Requirements for fluid-containing items.

Coolant level

The coolant level must be at the proper level as observed from the reservoir tank or sight glass.

Water pump

Identify whether the pump is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven pump must meet the Requirements for engine compartment belts. Boldly, any water pump must meet:
  1. General requirements.
  2. Requirements for fluid-containing items.

Oil dipstick

The oil must be at proper operating level when its dipstick pulled out, wiped off, re-inserted, and pulled out back.

Alternator

Identify whether the alternator is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven alternator must meet the Requirements for engine compartment belts.
Check whether the alternator meets:
  1. General requirements.
  2. Requirements for electrical items.

Air compressor

Identify whether the air compressor is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven air compressor must meet the Requirements for engine compartment belts.
Check whether the air compressor must meet:
  1. General requirements.
  2. Requirements for air-handling items.

Steering components

Power steering pump

Identify whether the pump is belt-driven or gear-driven. Any belt-driven pump must meet the Requirements for engine compartment belts.
Check whether the power steering pump must meet:
  1. General requirements.
  2. Requirements for fluid-containing items.

Power steering fluid reservoir

  1. Check that the fluid is at the proper level from the side glass or while pulling the dipstick. Level must be above refill mark.

Steering gear box

  1. Identify the steering gear box and the power steering hoses.
  2. Check whether the box and the hoses meet the:

Steering linkage

  1. Identify connecting links, arms, rods, joints, and sockets.
  2. Check whether components of the steering linkage meet the General requirements.

Suspension components

Torque arm/torsion bar

  1. Identify a torque arm or torsion bar on a non-steering axle. Steering axles are rarely equipped with those.
  2. Check whether the arm or bar meets the General requirements.

Spring mounts

  1. Identify both spring mounts and their bushings, nuts, and/or bolts.
  2. Check whether the front and rear mounts, as well as their components meet the General requirements.

Spring leaves

  1. Identify spring leaves.
  2. Check whether the leaves:

U-bolts

  1. Identify U-bolts and their related nuts.
  2. Check whether the bolts and nuts meet the General requirements.

Shock absorbers

  1. Identify shock absorber.
  2. Check whether the absorber meets the:

Air bags

  1. Identify air bags and those hoses, air bag mounting brackets and bolts that are related to them.
  2. Check whether the air bags:

Brake components

Air hoses

  1. Identify air hoses that supply brake chambers and their related couplings.
  2. Check whether the hoses meet the:

Brake chamber

  1. Identify brake chambers and those clamps that are related to them.
  2. Check whether the chambers and clamps meet the:

Slack adjuster/push rod

  1. Identify slack adjusters and push rods.
  2. Check whether the adjusters and rods meet the General requirements.
  3. State that manual slack adjusters should not move more than approximately one inch when pulled by hand if brakes are released.

Brake drum

  1. Identify the brake drums if they are visible or state that they are hidden behind the shield.
  2. If they are visible, check whether the brake drums:

Brake linings

  1. Identify both brake linings (also called "shoes") if they are visible or state that they are hidden behind the shield.
  2. If they are visible, check whether the brake linings:
    • Are not worn dangerously thin.
    • Have no signs of grease, oil, or debris.
    • Meet the General requirements.

Tires

Tire surfaces

The tested person is supposed to check whether the tires:
  1. Have no abrasions, bulges, or cuts on sidewall and tread areas.
  2. Are evenly worn.
  3. Meet the General requirements.

Tread depth

The tested person is supposed to check whether the tread depth is at least:
  1. 4/32 of an inch on every steering axle tire.
  2. 2/32 of an inch on every non-steering axle tire.

Air pressure

  1. Know that the tires must be inflated to 100 psi.
  2. Check the pressure with an air pressure gauge at the valve stem.

Valve stem/cap

  1. Identify one valve stem and its cap on a single tire or both stems and caps on dual tires.
  2. Check whether the stems and caps meet the General requirements.

Wheels

Rims

  1. Identify the rims. For dual tires, the rims can be either Budd-spaced or Dayton/split. Daytona/split tires have a spacer between two rims, while Budd-spaced rims don't.
  2. Check whether:
    • The rims: have no welds.
    • For dual tires, there is no debris between the tires.
    • The rims and, for Dayton/split tires, spacers meet the General requirements.

Lug nuts and holes

The tested person is supposed to check whether the
  1. Lug nuts:
    • Show no signs of rust trails or shiny metal that would indicate looseness.
    • Meet the General requirements.
  2. Bolt holes are not visibly cracked or distorted.

Hub/axle seal

  1. Identify the hub seal on the steering axle or axle seal on non-steering axles, as well as those bolts and, if equipped, dipsticks, that are related to them.
  2. Check whether the seals and bolts meet the:
If the seal is equipped with a dipstick, another check can be performed to see whether the fluid is filled to proper level.

Side of tractor

Mirror brackets

Check whether the external mirrors and their brackets meet the:
  1. Requirements for visibility items.
  2. General requirements.

Tractor side lights

If the inspected tractor is equipped with side lights, check whether the lights meet the:
  1. Requirements for visibility items.
  2. General requirements.

Cab doors

Check whether the:
  1. Doors open and close properly.
  2. Door windows meet the Requirements for visibility items.
  3. Door hinges are secure.
  4. Door seals are intact.
  5. Doors, windows, hinges, and seals meet the General requirements.

DEF tank

  1. Identify the diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) tank and its cap.
  2. Check whether the tank and cap meet the:

Fuel tank

  1. Identify the fuel tank, its straps and cap.
  2. Check whether the tank and cap meet the:

Behind the cab and tractor

Catwalk and steps

  1. Identify the catwalk and steps.
  2. Check whether the catwalk and steps:

Exhaust system

  1. Identify the exhaust and, if equipped, its clamps.
  2. Check whether the exhaust and, if equipped, clamps, meet the:

Drive shaft

  1. Identify the drive shaft and those U-joints that are related to that.
  2. Check whether the drive shaft and U-joints:

Frame

  1. Identify the tractor frame.
  2. Check whether the frame meets the General requirements.

Rear tractor visibility

  1. Identify the tail lights, brake lights, turn signals, reverse lights, and reflectors.
  2. Check whether they:
    • Are the proper color, white for the brake lights and red for the other lights.
    • Meet the General requirements.

Coupling system

Electrical line coupling

  1. Identify the electrical line coupling.
  2. Check whether the lines:

Air line coupling

  1. Identify both air line couplings, including their hoses, glad hands, and glad hand seals.
  2. Check whether the:

Trailer apron

  1. Identify the apron.
  2. Check whether the apron:
    • Sits well on the fifth wheel skid plate. There should be no gap or daylight between the plate and apron.
    • Meets the General requirements.

Kingpin and jaws

  1. Identify the kingpin and locking jaws.
  2. Check whether the locking jaws:

Release arm

  1. Identify the release arm and, if equipped, its safety latch.
  2. Check whether the:
    • Release arm is all the way in.
    • If equipped, the safety latch is in place and locked.
    • Release arm and, if equipped, safety latch meet the General requirements.

Fifth wheel skid plate

  1. Identify the fifth wheel skid plate.
  2. Check whether the plate:

Fifth wheel platform

  1. Identify the fifth wheel platform and those nuts, mounting bolts, and pins that are related to it.
  2. Check whether the platform:

Slide mechanism

  1. Identify the fifth wheel sliding locking pins and locking pin air release cyllinder.
  2. Check whether the:
    • Mechanism is positioned to allow clearance between the landing gear and the rear frame area of the tractor during the turn.
    • Locking pins are fully engaged into the slide.
    • Air release cylinder meets the Requirements for air-handling items.
    • Pins and cylinder meet the General requirements.

Trailer front and sides

Trailer header board

  1. If equipped, check whether the trailer header board:

Trailer front visibility

  1. Identify the trailer front marker lights, reflectors, and DOT reflective tape.
  2. Check whether the lights, reflectors, and DOT reflective tape meet the:

Landing gear

  1. Identify the landing gear, gear support frame, landing pad, and crank handle.
  2. Check whether the:
    • Landing gear is fully raised.
    • Gear support frame and landing pad are free of debris.
    • Crank handle is secured.
    • Landing gear, gear support frame, landing pad, and crank handle meet the General requirements.

Trailer side turn signal

  1. Identify the trailer side turn signal.
  2. Check whether the lights meet the:

Tandem frame and release

  1. Identify the tandem frame and components of the tandem release mechanism, which are the locking pins and release arm.
  2. Check whether the:
    • Locking pins are locked in place.
    • Release arm is secured.
    • Tandem frame, locking pins, and release arm meet the General requirements.

Splash guards

  1. Check whether the splash guards meet the General requirements.

Door tie back hook

  1. Identify a door tie back hook on side of the trailer.
  2. Check whether the hook meets the General requirements.

Trailer rear

Trailer rear visibility

  1. Identify the tail lights, brake lights, turn signal lights, clearance lights, tag lights, reflectors, and DOT reflective tape.
  2. Check whether the lights, reflectors, and tape meet the:

Trailer doors

  1. Identify the trailer doors and those hinges that attach the doors to the trailer body.
  2. Check whether the:

Door tie back chain

  1. Identify the door tie back chain.
  2. Check whether the chain meets the General requirements.

Light operating checks

Two people are needed to perform light operating tests fully. The ignition key must be in the "on" or "accessory" position.

Back lights check

Turn on running lights, then left turn, right turn, four-way flashers, brake lights, and then place truck into reverse for reverse lights.

Front lights check

Turn on the marker lights and head lights. Test high beam and low beam lights. Test the left and right turn signals. Test the four-way flashers.

Inside the cab

Emergency equipment

  1. Identify the A/B rated fire extinguisher, three reflective triangles, and spare electrical fuses.
  2. Check whether the extinguisher:

Safety belt

  1. Check whether the safety belt:

Safe start engine

  1. Depress clutch before attempting to start the vehicle.
  2. Place gearshift lever in neutral (or park, for automatic transmissions).
  3. Start the vehicle and keep clutch depressed until engine reaches idling speed.
  4. Then release clutch slowly.

ABS light

  1. Check whether the ABS light came on and went off.
  2. Provide the tester with a result of that check.

Horns

  1. Operate the:
    • Highway or air horn.
    • City or electrical horn.

Mirrors

  1. Check whether the mirrors:

Windshield

  1. Check whether the windshield meets the:

Wipers and washers

  1. Check whether the windshield:
    • Wiper arms meet the General requirements.
    • Wiper blades are not dry-rotted and press flat against the windshield.
    • Washers have fluid and operate properly.

Oil pressure gauge

  1. Check whether the oil pressure gauge raises to normal operating range within seconds.

Ammeter/voltmeter

  1. Check whether the ammeter/voltmeter indicates that the alternator is charging and no warning light is on.

Temperature gauge

  1. Check whether the temperature gauge is climbing to normal operating range.

Air pressure gauges

  1. Check whether the primary (tractor) and secondary (trailer) air pressure gauges are building air to reach governor cut off at 120 to 140 psi.

DEF level indicator

  1. Check whether the DEF level is 1/8 of a tank or more.

Light indicators

  1. Operate the high beam indicator, left and right turn signal indicators, and four-way flasher indicators are working properly.

Cab and windshield fans

  1. Operate the heater (cab) and defroster (windshield) fans.

Brake check series

The brake check series consists of three different checks:
  1. Air brake check
  2. Parking brake check
  3. Service brake check

Air brake check

Failure to perform all three components of the air brake check correctly will result in an automatic failure of thee vehicle inspection test. If you realize that you have missed something or did something incorrectly during your air brake check, you may start over.

Air brake check preparation

Leak down test

Low air warning device test

Tractor protection valve test

Parking brake check

Parking brake check preparation

Tractor parking brake check

Trailer parking brake check

Service brake check

Preparation

Execution

Requirements

Air-handling items

  • Any inspected item that handles air must be not loose and without audible leaks.
  • Its hoses must be:
    1. Mounted securely at both couplings.
    2. Not dry-rotted.
    3. Free from cuts, frays, holes, leaks, and/or other damage.

Electrical items

  • Any inspected item that provides the tractor and/or trailer with electricity must be not burnt or frayed.
  • Its wires must be free from cuts and/or other damage.

Engine compartment belts

Engine compartment belts may include power steering belt, water pump belt, alternator belt, and/or air compressor belt. During the inspection, they must:
  1. Be checked for snugness (1/2 to 3/4 inch play at center of belt).
  2. Be free of cracks, frays, loose fibers or signs of wear.
  3. Not be damaged or missing, be mounted securely and operating properly.

Fluid-containing items

  • Any inspected item that contains any fluid must be not loose or leaking.
  • Its hoses must be free from frays, leaks, and/or other damage.

General

Any inspected item and its component or part must be operational and secure, as well as:
  • If the item should:
    1. Not be movable, then, securely mounted and have no missing nuts, bolts, or bushings.
    2. Be movable, then, fastened, tight, or not loose.
  • Not bent, broken, cracked, damaged, dent, or missing.

Visibility items

Visibility items include windshield, windows, mirrors, lights, signals, reflectors, and reflective tape. Any inspected item that is related to the truck visibility must be:
  1. Proper color:
    • Red for rear lights, signals, and reflectors.
    • White for reverse and tag lights.
    • Amber for side lights and reflectors, as well as front marker lights.
    • Red and white for DOT reflective tape.
  2. Free of cracks, obstructions, or non-legally-required stickers.
  3. Clean or, at least, free of excessive dirt.