Difference between revisions of "Decision-making"

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(Approach)
(Linear vs nonlinear)
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#*[[Quantitative approach in management]]. The use of quantitative techniques to improve [[decision-making]].
 
#*[[Quantitative approach in management]]. The use of quantitative techniques to improve [[decision-making]].
 
#*[[File:Discretion.png|400px|thumb|right|[[Decisional discretion]]]][[Decisional discretion]]. The freedom to decide what should be done in a particular situation.
 
#*[[File:Discretion.png|400px|thumb|right|[[Decisional discretion]]]][[Decisional discretion]]. The freedom to decide what should be done in a particular situation.
#'''[[Behavior]]'''. The way in which someone, something, or their group functions, operates, and/or conducts oneself.
 
#*[[Intention]]. A decision to act in a given way.
 
#*[[Behaviorism]]. A theory that argues that behavior follows stimuli in a relatively unthinking manner.
 
#*[[Creative behavior]]. The way in which someone, something, or their group makes [[non-programmed decision]]s and acts on them.
 
 
#[[File:Attitude.png|400px|thumb|right|[[Attitude]]]]'''[[Attitude]]'''. An evaluative statement or judgment, either favorable or unfavorable, concerning objects, people, or events.
 
#[[File:Attitude.png|400px|thumb|right|[[Attitude]]]]'''[[Attitude]]'''. An evaluative statement or judgment, either favorable or unfavorable, concerning objects, people, or events.
 
#*[[Cognitive component]]. That part of an [[attitude]] that's made up of the beliefs, opinions, knowledge, or information held by a person. In other words, the [[cognitive component]] is the opinion or belief segment of an [[attitude]].
 
#*[[Cognitive component]]. That part of an [[attitude]] that's made up of the beliefs, opinions, knowledge, or information held by a person. In other words, the [[cognitive component]] is the opinion or belief segment of an [[attitude]].

Revision as of 18:12, 14 June 2020

Decision-making (alternatively spelled, decision making) is the action or process of making decisions, especially, creative behavior resulted in a non-programmed decision.


Classifications

Programmed vs non-programmed

  1. Decision. A choice made from among two or more alternatives.

Individual vs collective

Approach

Optimizing vs. satisficing

Intuitive vs rational vs ad hoc

Agile vs rigid

Conservative vs aggressive

Linear vs nonlinear

  1. Intuitive decision-making. Unconscious decision-making on the basis of distilled experience, feelings, and accumulated judgment.
  2. Rational decision-making. Decision-making that produces choices that are logical and consistent and maximize value.
    • Rationale. A reasoning characterized by making consistent, value-maximizing choices within specified constraints.
  3. Decision criteria. Criteria that define what's important or relevant to resolving a problem.
  4. Attitude. An evaluative statement or judgment, either favorable or unfavorable, concerning objects, people, or events.
  5. Controlled expectancy. A situation in which a decision maker is able to estimate the likelihood of certain outcomes.
    • Certainty. A situation in which a decision maker can make accurate decisions because all outcomes are known.
    • Uncertainty. A situation in which a decision maker has neither certainty nor reasonable probability estimates available.
  6. Ad hoc decision-making.
  7. Core self-evaluation. Bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their capacities, competence, and worth as a person. In other words, self-believing in one's inner worth and basic competence.
    • General mental ability. An overall factor of intelligence, as suggested by the positive correlations among specific intellectual ability dimensions.
  8. Decisional tendency.
    • Bounded rationality. Decision-making that is rational, but limited (bounded) by an individual's ability to process information. In other words, bounded rationality is a process of making decisions by constructing simplified models that extract the essential features from problems without capturing all their complexity.
    • Escalation of commitment. An increased commitment to a previous decision despite evidence it may have been wrong.
    • Risk aversion. The tendency to prefer a sure gain of a moderate amount over a riskier outcome, even if the riskier outcome might have a higher expected payoff.
  9. Decision-making dilemma. Optimizing vs. satisficing, intuitive vs rational vs ad hoc, Agile vs rigid, conservative vs aggressive, linear vs nonlinear
    • Satisfice. Acceptance of solutions that are "good enough."
    • Allostasis. Working to change behavior and attitude to find stability.
  10. Self-regulation strategy.
    • Prevention focus. A self-regulation strategy that involves striving for goals by fulfilling duties and obligations.
    • Promotion focus. A self-regulation strategy that involves striving for goals through advancement and accomplishment.
  11. Ethical dilemma. A situation in which individuals are required to define right and wrong conduct.